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For years I attended the Georgia Association of Zoning Administrators (GAZA) conference to listen and learn about the best of planning and zoning work going on in the state.  I always valued the pragmatic, practical approaches to common, everyday land use dilemmas presented by speakers at the conference.  But I’ve also thought on more than one occasion that there needed to be an opportunity to engage in a more critical dialogue about some of trends and challenges facing rural communities.

That opportunity presented itself last week as Ecos participated in the GAZA conference and addressed the needs of Planning for Rural Sustainable Land Use.  The goal of our presentation was to highlight a broad array of programs, concepts and regulatory tools that may be a bit more abstract or out-of-the-box than many governments are accustomed to considering.  The slowdown in development activities creates a great opportunity for communities to engage in some strategic long range planning for future land use and development patterns.  We highlighted emerging policies and programs such as Agritourism, Food Systems Planning, and Health Impact Assessments; technological innovations including the push for rural broadband and green energy; and innovative regulatory tools with new concept developments and true conservation design.

As planning and zoning professionals, we are tasked with implementing plans, policies and regulations that protect the public health, safety and welfare, and generally insure the quality of life in our communities.  Laws and regulations are a critical part of this, but they should come out of a constructive, holistic dialogue about the future vision for our communities and the strategic paths that will take us there.  I hope that in realizing my goal to present at the GAZA conference, Ecos helped to encourage this dialogue in communities throughout the state.  As one of my mentors often says, Sustainability really is just good planning.

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On January 12, 2010 the State of California announced the unanimous adoption of CALGREEN the first in the nation mandatory code, requiring all new buildings in the state to be more energy efficient and environmentally responsible. The new code goes into effect on January 1, 2011.

CALGREEN, as described in an article on www.eco-structure.com “will require that every new building constructed in California reduce water consumption by 20 percent, divert 50 percent of construction waste from landfills and install low pollutant-emitting materials. It also requires separate water meters for nonresidential buildings’ indoor and outdoor water use, with a requirement for moisture-sensing irrigation systems for larger landscape projects and mandatory inspections of energy systems (e.g., heat furnace, air conditioner and mechanical equipment) for nonresidential buildings over 10,000 square feet to ensure that all are working at their maximum capacity and according to their design efficiencies. The California Air Resources Board estimates that the mandatory provisions will reduce greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalent) by 3 million metric tons equivalent in 2020.”

This will be interesting to watch unfold, will CALGREEN have an impact on the USGBC’s LEED program? Why pay for LEED certification if you get CALGREEN recognition? I have not completed an intense  side by side comparison of the two programs, but one would think CALGREEN could take a serious bite out of the LEED certification juggernaut, especially at the Certified and Silver levels. At first glance the 197 page Draft CALGREEN code is rather stout, and it can easily be seen where many requirements are very similar to LEED points; you need to get to page 165 to see the points checklists to compare for yourself.

Will CALGREEN maintain relevance over time and continually strengthen it’s guidelines? Will other states follow suit? Once again California is leading the charge to set a statewide precedent.  This will be an interesting one to watch beginning in 2011, if not sooner.

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Interesting article in the City Farmer News blog – the folks in Seattle, WA are growing vegetables in the no-mans land of parking strips and the Seattle Department of Transportation relaxed its rules to encourage the practice! Read more about it here.

Seattle has also declared 2010 the Year of Urban Agriculture.

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Sustainability Tracking, Assessment, & Rating System

A new rating system that has been in the works for a little over three years is now available for all institutions of higher education; it is called the STARS program. STARS stands for Sustainability Tracking, Assessment & Rating System and it is a “transparent, self-reporting framework for colleges and universities to gauge relative progress toward sustainability.”

The program is intended to be a more holistic approach than just individual built projects, or clusters of buildings, the point system is designed to rate the entire campus across the triple bottom line or the three Es of sustainability – economy, ecology, and equity. The point system has 71 possible points spread across 4 major categories: Education & Research, Operations, Planning Administration & Engagement, and finally 4 Innovation credits. Rating levels include Reporter, Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum.

The program is open to any institution of higher education in the US or Canada and institutions that register prior to August 15, 2010 will be considered STARS Charter Participants.

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the garden
Urban Agriculture or City Farming is not a new concept, but it certainly is one that has been gaining momentum and exposure in recent years. What is Urban Agriculture you ask? The RUAF Foundation Resource Centers on Urban Agriculture and Food Security has a pretty good explanation for you. The short of it is growing fruits and vegetables or raising animals within city limits for harvest and consumption. If you are an urban dweller these days it’s quite likely that you know at least a friend of a friend that has yard chickens, or participates in a thriving community garden. I live mere miles from the Georgia Capitol Gold Dome in downtown Atlanta, and have numerous urban agriculture experiences within a very small radius from my home. Through most of the year my neighborhood sponsors a Farmers Market where we can pick up seasonal vegetables, fresh baked breads, local honey, cheeses and milk every Thursday night. Just a mile down the road another market happens every Sunday. There are community garden plots in the City park just blocks from my house. In the past year alone the Freedom Park Conservancy, of which I am a board member, has had multiple requests to allow community gardens into the park – one is in, another is in the works. I have a friend with chickens in the backyard of their neighborhood bungalow; I don’t have to look very far to find local food.

Cranberry Creek Gardens-7

It’s encouraging to see such growth in City Farming and an emphasis on local food. Who hasn’t heard the stories of children and even adults that simply have no idea where their food comes from before it landed on the grocery store shelves? The widening acceptance of urban agriculture is also encouraging because it can bring so many people together. Urban farmers come in all shapes, sizes, and from different backgrounds. Certainly the explosion of organic foods and the ‘high end’ markets or grocers that sell them at a premium has created a variety of perceptions; too many to get into here, but the advent of growth in urban agriculture is bringing the disparity in food back down to earth and equalizing it once again. Food is a basic need of everyone, from the well-to-do city dweller with carts full of organic food purchases to the city’s homeless – everyone needs to eat, and urban agriculture can help.

What role do I, as a landscape architect, play in urban agriculture. For one I can, and do support it, but any citizen can do so by getting involved. I, like many other landscape architects, am in the position to influence people, particularly city leaders, to support and include places and programs for Urban Agriculture to take place. Resources abound for Urban Agriculture supporters; these are just a few of the more interesting and valuable internet resources I have found.

City Farmer News is a great blog out of Vancouver, Canada filled with stories about city farming in Canada and beyond. City Farmer News actually started back in the summer of 1978 and has been running continually online since 1994 as Urban Agriculture Notes by City Farmer – Canada’s Office of Urban Agriculture; it’s easy to get lost in the troves of information found on these two web sites.

Fallen Fruit is a great concept; an activist art project, which started as a mapping of all the public fruit in LA neighborhood’s. Fallen Fruit brings communities together to forage for fruit in public spaces, to plant fruit trees on the fringes of public lands, and to use the fruit in fruit jams where citizens are invited to bring homegrown or public fruit and join in communal jam-making!

Right here where I sit in Atlanta we have ALFI – no, not the infamous landscape architect and UGA professor – ALFI is the Atlanta Local Food Initiative, a group that envisions a transformed food system in which every Atlantan has access to safe, nutritious, and affordable food grown by a thriving network of sustainable farms and gardens. I am looking forward to including the ideas of ALFI in public spaces in Atlanta when the opportunities arise.

Whatever you call it – Urban Agriculture, City Farming, Community Gardening, – it’s a good thing. What are your Urban Ag experiences? What terrific resources have you found?

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